What is the purpose of the machine-or-transformation test?

The machine-or-transformation test serves as a crucial standard in determining whether a process claim in a patent application meets the eligibility requirements established under U.S. patent law. This test evaluates whether a process is patentable by either demonstrating that it is tied to a particular machine or apparatus or that it transforms a particular article into a different state or thing.

When a claim satisfies this test, it indicates that the process is more than just an abstract idea, which is fundamental for patent eligibility per the Supreme Court's ruling in Bilski v. Kappos. The test is particularly relevant in the context of evaluating claims that may involve intangible concepts, ensuring that such claims have a tangible application.

In this context, the other options do not align with the main function of the machine-or-transformation test. It does not assess the patentability of abstract ideas without analysis, nor does it measure market potential or evaluate novelty. Novelty is determined based on the prior art, while market potential relates to business considerations, neither of which fall under the examination criteria established by the machine-or-transformation test.