What is the consequence of an International Searching Authority (ISA) reviewing the unity of invention?

The consequence of an International Searching Authority (ISA) reviewing the unity of invention primarily revolves around determining whether multiple inventions in a single application can be grouped together. The concept of unity of invention is crucial in patent law, particularly under the Patent Cooperation Treaty (PCT), as it ensures that each patent application is focused on a single inventive concept.

When the ISA assesses the unity of invention, it looks at the relationship between the claimed inventions and decides if they are sufficiently linked, either as a single inventive concept or through a common technical feature. If the ISA concludes that the claims do not fulfill the requirement of unity, it may require the applicant to limit the claims to a single invention or, in some cases, to pay additional fees for the examination of multiple inventions.

Therefore, option A accurately reflects the role of the ISA in evaluating how multiple inventions relate and whether they can be examined together in a single patent application. This is key for maintaining an orderly and efficient patent examination process.